Waning protection of influenza vaccine against mild laboratory confirmed influenza A(H3N2) and B in Spain, season 2014-15.
Identifieur interne : 000123 ( Main/Exploration ); précédent : 000122; suivant : 000124Waning protection of influenza vaccine against mild laboratory confirmed influenza A(H3N2) and B in Spain, season 2014-15.
Auteurs : Alin Gherasim [Espagne] ; Francisco Pozo [Espagne] ; Salvador De Mateo [Espagne] ; Inma Aspiritxaga Gamarra [Espagne] ; Manuel García-Cenoz [Espagne] ; Tomas Vega [Espagne] ; Eva Martínez [Espagne] ; Jaume Giménez [Espagne] ; Daniel Castrillejo [Espagne] ; Amparo Larrauri [Espagne]Source :
- Vaccine [ 1873-2518 ] ; 2016.
Descripteurs français
- KwdFr :
- Adolescent (MeSH), Adulte (MeSH), Adulte d'âge moyen (MeSH), Enfant (MeSH), Enfant d'âge préscolaire (MeSH), Espagne (épidémiologie), Femelle (MeSH), Grippe humaine (prévention et contrôle), Humains (MeSH), Jeune adulte (MeSH), Modèles logistiques (MeSH), Mâle (MeSH), Nourrisson (MeSH), Nouveau-né (MeSH), Sous-type H3N2 du virus de la grippe A (MeSH), Sujet âgé (MeSH), Surveillance sentinelle (MeSH), Vaccination (statistiques et données numériques), Vaccins antigrippaux (usage thérapeutique), Variation des antigènes (MeSH), Virus influenza B (MeSH), Études cas-témoins (MeSH).
- MESH :
- prévention et contrôle : Grippe humaine.
- statistiques et données numériques : Vaccination.
- usage thérapeutique : Vaccins antigrippaux.
- épidémiologie : Espagne.
- Adolescent, Adulte, Adulte d'âge moyen, Enfant, Enfant d'âge préscolaire, Femelle, Humains, Jeune adulte, Modèles logistiques, Mâle, Nourrisson, Nouveau-né, Sous-type H3N2 du virus de la grippe A, Sujet âgé, Surveillance sentinelle, Variation des antigènes, Virus influenza B, Études cas-témoins.
English descriptors
- KwdEn :
- Adolescent (MeSH), Adult (MeSH), Aged (MeSH), Antigenic Variation (MeSH), Case-Control Studies (MeSH), Child (MeSH), Child, Preschool (MeSH), Female (MeSH), Humans (MeSH), Infant (MeSH), Infant, Newborn (MeSH), Influenza A Virus, H3N2 Subtype (MeSH), Influenza B virus (MeSH), Influenza Vaccines (therapeutic use), Influenza, Human (prevention & control), Logistic Models (MeSH), Male (MeSH), Middle Aged (MeSH), Sentinel Surveillance (MeSH), Spain (epidemiology), Vaccination (statistics & numerical data), Young Adult (MeSH).
- MESH :
- chemical , therapeutic use : Influenza Vaccines.
- epidemiology : Spain.
- prevention & control : Influenza, Human.
- statistics & numerical data : Vaccination.
- Adolescent, Adult, Aged, Antigenic Variation, Case-Control Studies, Child, Child, Preschool, Female, Humans, Infant, Infant, Newborn, Influenza A Virus, H3N2 Subtype, Influenza B virus, Logistic Models, Male, Middle Aged, Sentinel Surveillance, Young Adult.
Abstract
INTRODUCTION
The 2014/15 influenza season in Spain was dominated by the circulation of drifted A(H3N2) and co-circulation of B viruses. We present the final estimates of influenza vaccine effectiveness (IVE) against confirmed influenza A(H3N2) and B its evolution along the season and with time since vaccination.
METHODS
We used data collected on influenza like illness patients (ILI), systematically swabbed for the presence of influenza viruses within the Spanish Influenza Sentinel Surveillance System (SISS) and a restricted observational study (cycEVA). We used a test negative case-control design to compare influenza confirmed cases with negative controls. We estimated the IVE through a logistic regression model adjusting for potential confounders. The evolution of IVE was studied in early and late stages of the epidemic, and in different time intervals between receiving influenza vaccination and the onset of symptoms.
RESULTS
At the end of the season we have found low and moderate IVE point estimates against influenza A(H3N2) and B, respectively, in all ages and target groups for vaccination. An IVE decreased from an early value of 37% to a late of -76% against influenza A(H3N2), and similarly, 84% vs -4% against Influenza B. When the onset of symptoms occurred more than three months after vaccination, the decrease of IVE was slower and milder against influenza B than against influenza A(H3N2). No significant change in the percentage of circulating drifted influenza A(H3N2) strains belonging to the 3c.2a and 3c.3a clades could be identified through the season.
CONCLUSIONS
In a season dominated by drifted A(H3N2) circulating virus, the vaccine offered little or no protection against A(H3N2) infection but had a moderate protective effect against influenza B. Efforts should be put in developing influenza vaccines that maintain their protective capabilities throughout the season and could stimulate a potentially broad immune response against diverse influenza strains.
DOI: 10.1016/j.vaccine.2016.03.035
PubMed: 27020713
Affiliations:
Links toward previous steps (curation, corpus...)
Le document en format XML
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Electronic address: amgherasim@externos.isciii.es.</nlm:affiliation><country xml:lang="fr">Espagne</country><wicri:regionArea>National Centre of Epidemiology, Institute of Health Carlos III</wicri:regionArea><wicri:noRegion>Institute of Health Carlos III</wicri:noRegion></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Pozo, Francisco" sort="Pozo, Francisco" uniqKey="Pozo F" first="Francisco" last="Pozo">Francisco Pozo</name><affiliation wicri:level="1"><nlm:affiliation>National Centre for Microbiology, National Influenza Reference Laboratory, WHO-National Influenza Centre, Institute of Health Carlos III, Spain. Electronic address: pacopozo@isciii.es.</nlm:affiliation><country xml:lang="fr">Espagne</country><wicri:regionArea>National Centre for Microbiology, National Influenza Reference Laboratory, WHO-National Influenza Centre, Institute of Health Carlos III</wicri:regionArea><wicri:noRegion>Institute of Health Carlos III</wicri:noRegion></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="De Mateo, Salvador" sort="De Mateo, Salvador" uniqKey="De Mateo S" first="Salvador" last="De Mateo">Salvador De Mateo</name><affiliation wicri:level="1"><nlm:affiliation>National Centre of Epidemiology, Institute of Health Carlos III, Spain; CIBER Epidemiología y Salud Pública (CIBERESP), Institute of Health Carlos III, Spain. 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Electronic address: mgcenoz@cfnavarra.es.</nlm:affiliation><country xml:lang="fr">Espagne</country><wicri:regionArea>CIBER Epidemiología y Salud Pública (CIBERESP), Institute of Health Carlos III, Spain; Instituto de Salud Pública, Navarra Institute for Health Research (IdiSNA), Pamplona</wicri:regionArea><wicri:noRegion>Pamplona</wicri:noRegion></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Vega, Tomas" sort="Vega, Tomas" uniqKey="Vega T" first="Tomas" last="Vega">Tomas Vega</name><affiliation wicri:level="1"><nlm:affiliation>Dirección General de Salud Pública, Consejería de Sanidad de Castilla y León, Valladolid, Spain. Electronic address: VegAloTo@jcyl.es.</nlm:affiliation><country xml:lang="fr">Espagne</country><wicri:regionArea>Dirección General de Salud Pública, Consejería de Sanidad de Castilla y León, Valladolid</wicri:regionArea><wicri:noRegion>Valladolid</wicri:noRegion></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Martinez, Eva" sort="Martinez, Eva" uniqKey="Martinez E" first="Eva" last="Martínez">Eva Martínez</name><affiliation wicri:level="1"><nlm:affiliation>Servicio de Epidemiología y Prevención Sanitaria, Dirección General de Salud Pública y Consumo de La Rioja, La Rioja, Spain. Electronic address: emochoa@larioja.org.</nlm:affiliation><country xml:lang="fr">Espagne</country><wicri:regionArea>Servicio de Epidemiología y Prevención Sanitaria, Dirección General de Salud Pública y Consumo de La Rioja, La Rioja</wicri:regionArea><wicri:noRegion>La Rioja</wicri:noRegion></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Gimenez, Jaume" sort="Gimenez, Jaume" uniqKey="Gimenez J" first="Jaume" last="Giménez">Jaume Giménez</name><affiliation wicri:level="1"><nlm:affiliation>Servicio de Epidemiología, Dirección General de Salut Pública, Mallorca, Baleares, Spain. Electronic address: jgimenez@dgsanita.caib.es.</nlm:affiliation><country xml:lang="fr">Espagne</country><wicri:regionArea>Servicio de Epidemiología, Dirección General de Salut Pública, Mallorca, Baleares</wicri:regionArea><wicri:noRegion>Baleares</wicri:noRegion></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Castrillejo, Daniel" sort="Castrillejo, Daniel" uniqKey="Castrillejo D" first="Daniel" last="Castrillejo">Daniel Castrillejo</name><affiliation wicri:level="1"><nlm:affiliation>Servicio de Epidemiología. DGSC, Consejería de Bienestar Social y Sanidad, Ciudad Autónoma de Melilla, Spain. Electronic address: dcastr01@melilla.es.</nlm:affiliation><country xml:lang="fr">Espagne</country><wicri:regionArea>Servicio de Epidemiología. 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Electronic address: alarrauri@isciii.es.</nlm:affiliation><country xml:lang="fr">Espagne</country><wicri:regionArea>National Centre of Epidemiology, Institute of Health Carlos III, Spain; CIBER Epidemiología y Salud Pública (CIBERESP), Institute of Health Carlos III</wicri:regionArea><wicri:noRegion>Institute of Health Carlos III</wicri:noRegion></affiliation></author></titleStmt><publicationStmt><idno type="wicri:source">PubMed</idno><date when="2016">2016</date><idno type="RBID">pubmed:27020713</idno><idno type="pmid">27020713</idno><idno type="doi">10.1016/j.vaccine.2016.03.035</idno><idno type="wicri:Area/Main/Corpus">00141</idno><idno type="wicri:explorRef" wicri:stream="Main" wicri:step="Corpus" wicri:corpus="PubMed">00141</idno><idno type="wicri:Area/Main/Curation">000141</idno><idno type="wicri:explorRef" wicri:stream="Main" wicri:step="Curation">000141</idno><idno type="wicri:Area/Main/Exploration">000141</idno></publicationStmt><sourceDesc><biblStruct><analytic><title xml:lang="en">Waning protection of influenza vaccine against mild laboratory confirmed influenza A(H3N2) and B in Spain, season 2014-15.</title><author><name sortKey="Gherasim, Alin" sort="Gherasim, Alin" uniqKey="Gherasim A" first="Alin" last="Gherasim">Alin Gherasim</name><affiliation wicri:level="1"><nlm:affiliation>National Centre of Epidemiology, Institute of Health Carlos III, Spain. Electronic address: amgherasim@externos.isciii.es.</nlm:affiliation><country xml:lang="fr">Espagne</country><wicri:regionArea>National Centre of Epidemiology, Institute of Health Carlos III</wicri:regionArea><wicri:noRegion>Institute of Health Carlos III</wicri:noRegion></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Pozo, Francisco" sort="Pozo, Francisco" uniqKey="Pozo F" first="Francisco" last="Pozo">Francisco Pozo</name><affiliation wicri:level="1"><nlm:affiliation>National Centre for Microbiology, National Influenza Reference Laboratory, WHO-National Influenza Centre, Institute of Health Carlos III, Spain. Electronic address: pacopozo@isciii.es.</nlm:affiliation><country xml:lang="fr">Espagne</country><wicri:regionArea>National Centre for Microbiology, National Influenza Reference Laboratory, WHO-National Influenza Centre, Institute of Health Carlos III</wicri:regionArea><wicri:noRegion>Institute of Health Carlos III</wicri:noRegion></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="De Mateo, Salvador" sort="De Mateo, Salvador" uniqKey="De Mateo S" first="Salvador" last="De Mateo">Salvador De Mateo</name><affiliation wicri:level="1"><nlm:affiliation>National Centre of Epidemiology, Institute of Health Carlos III, Spain; CIBER Epidemiología y Salud Pública (CIBERESP), Institute of Health Carlos III, Spain. Electronic address: smateo@isciii.es.</nlm:affiliation><country xml:lang="fr">Espagne</country><wicri:regionArea>National Centre of Epidemiology, Institute of Health Carlos III, Spain; CIBER Epidemiología y Salud Pública (CIBERESP), Institute of Health Carlos III</wicri:regionArea><wicri:noRegion>Institute of Health Carlos III</wicri:noRegion></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Gamarra, Inma Aspiritxaga" sort="Gamarra, Inma Aspiritxaga" uniqKey="Gamarra I" first="Inma Aspiritxaga" last="Gamarra">Inma Aspiritxaga Gamarra</name><affiliation wicri:level="1"><nlm:affiliation>Subdirección de Salud Pública y Adicciones de Bizkaia, Pais Vasco, Spain. Electronic address: enfer4bi-san@euskadi.eus.</nlm:affiliation><country xml:lang="fr">Espagne</country><wicri:regionArea>Subdirección de Salud Pública y Adicciones de Bizkaia, Pais Vasco</wicri:regionArea><wicri:noRegion>Pais Vasco</wicri:noRegion></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Garcia Cenoz, Manuel" sort="Garcia Cenoz, Manuel" uniqKey="Garcia Cenoz M" first="Manuel" last="García-Cenoz">Manuel García-Cenoz</name><affiliation wicri:level="1"><nlm:affiliation>CIBER Epidemiología y Salud Pública (CIBERESP), Institute of Health Carlos III, Spain; Instituto de Salud Pública, Navarra Institute for Health Research (IdiSNA), Pamplona, Spain. Electronic address: mgcenoz@cfnavarra.es.</nlm:affiliation><country xml:lang="fr">Espagne</country><wicri:regionArea>CIBER Epidemiología y Salud Pública (CIBERESP), Institute of Health Carlos III, Spain; Instituto de Salud Pública, Navarra Institute for Health Research (IdiSNA), Pamplona</wicri:regionArea><wicri:noRegion>Pamplona</wicri:noRegion></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Vega, Tomas" sort="Vega, Tomas" uniqKey="Vega T" first="Tomas" last="Vega">Tomas Vega</name><affiliation wicri:level="1"><nlm:affiliation>Dirección General de Salud Pública, Consejería de Sanidad de Castilla y León, Valladolid, Spain. Electronic address: VegAloTo@jcyl.es.</nlm:affiliation><country xml:lang="fr">Espagne</country><wicri:regionArea>Dirección General de Salud Pública, Consejería de Sanidad de Castilla y León, Valladolid</wicri:regionArea><wicri:noRegion>Valladolid</wicri:noRegion></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Martinez, Eva" sort="Martinez, Eva" uniqKey="Martinez E" first="Eva" last="Martínez">Eva Martínez</name><affiliation wicri:level="1"><nlm:affiliation>Servicio de Epidemiología y Prevención Sanitaria, Dirección General de Salud Pública y Consumo de La Rioja, La Rioja, Spain. Electronic address: emochoa@larioja.org.</nlm:affiliation><country xml:lang="fr">Espagne</country><wicri:regionArea>Servicio de Epidemiología y Prevención Sanitaria, Dirección General de Salud Pública y Consumo de La Rioja, La Rioja</wicri:regionArea><wicri:noRegion>La Rioja</wicri:noRegion></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Gimenez, Jaume" sort="Gimenez, Jaume" uniqKey="Gimenez J" first="Jaume" last="Giménez">Jaume Giménez</name><affiliation wicri:level="1"><nlm:affiliation>Servicio de Epidemiología, Dirección General de Salut Pública, Mallorca, Baleares, Spain. Electronic address: jgimenez@dgsanita.caib.es.</nlm:affiliation><country xml:lang="fr">Espagne</country><wicri:regionArea>Servicio de Epidemiología, Dirección General de Salut Pública, Mallorca, Baleares</wicri:regionArea><wicri:noRegion>Baleares</wicri:noRegion></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Castrillejo, Daniel" sort="Castrillejo, Daniel" uniqKey="Castrillejo D" first="Daniel" last="Castrillejo">Daniel Castrillejo</name><affiliation wicri:level="1"><nlm:affiliation>Servicio de Epidemiología. DGSC, Consejería de Bienestar Social y Sanidad, Ciudad Autónoma de Melilla, Spain. Electronic address: dcastr01@melilla.es.</nlm:affiliation><country xml:lang="fr">Espagne</country><wicri:regionArea>Servicio de Epidemiología. DGSC, Consejería de Bienestar Social y Sanidad, Ciudad Autónoma de Melilla</wicri:regionArea><wicri:noRegion>Ciudad Autónoma de Melilla</wicri:noRegion></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Larrauri, Amparo" sort="Larrauri, Amparo" uniqKey="Larrauri A" first="Amparo" last="Larrauri">Amparo Larrauri</name><affiliation wicri:level="1"><nlm:affiliation>National Centre of Epidemiology, Institute of Health Carlos III, Spain; CIBER Epidemiología y Salud Pública (CIBERESP), Institute of Health Carlos III, Spain. Electronic address: alarrauri@isciii.es.</nlm:affiliation><country xml:lang="fr">Espagne</country><wicri:regionArea>National Centre of Epidemiology, Institute of Health Carlos III, Spain; CIBER Epidemiología y Salud Pública (CIBERESP), Institute of Health Carlos III</wicri:regionArea><wicri:noRegion>Institute of Health Carlos III</wicri:noRegion></affiliation></author></analytic><series><title level="j">Vaccine</title><idno type="eISSN">1873-2518</idno><imprint><date when="2016" type="published">2016</date></imprint></series></biblStruct></sourceDesc></fileDesc><profileDesc><textClass><keywords scheme="KwdEn" xml:lang="en"><term>Adolescent (MeSH)</term><term>Adult (MeSH)</term><term>Aged (MeSH)</term><term>Antigenic Variation (MeSH)</term><term>Case-Control Studies (MeSH)</term><term>Child (MeSH)</term><term>Child, Preschool (MeSH)</term><term>Female (MeSH)</term><term>Humans (MeSH)</term><term>Infant (MeSH)</term><term>Infant, Newborn (MeSH)</term><term>Influenza A Virus, H3N2 Subtype (MeSH)</term><term>Influenza B virus (MeSH)</term><term>Influenza Vaccines (therapeutic use)</term><term>Influenza, Human (prevention & control)</term><term>Logistic Models (MeSH)</term><term>Male (MeSH)</term><term>Middle Aged (MeSH)</term><term>Sentinel Surveillance (MeSH)</term><term>Spain (epidemiology)</term><term>Vaccination (statistics & numerical data)</term><term>Young Adult (MeSH)</term></keywords><keywords scheme="KwdFr" xml:lang="fr"><term>Adolescent (MeSH)</term><term>Adulte (MeSH)</term><term>Adulte d'âge moyen (MeSH)</term><term>Enfant (MeSH)</term><term>Enfant d'âge préscolaire (MeSH)</term><term>Espagne (épidémiologie)</term><term>Femelle (MeSH)</term><term>Grippe humaine (prévention et contrôle)</term><term>Humains (MeSH)</term><term>Jeune adulte (MeSH)</term><term>Modèles logistiques (MeSH)</term><term>Mâle (MeSH)</term><term>Nourrisson (MeSH)</term><term>Nouveau-né (MeSH)</term><term>Sous-type H3N2 du virus de la grippe A (MeSH)</term><term>Sujet âgé (MeSH)</term><term>Surveillance sentinelle (MeSH)</term><term>Vaccination (statistiques et données numériques)</term><term>Vaccins antigrippaux (usage thérapeutique)</term><term>Variation des antigènes (MeSH)</term><term>Virus influenza B (MeSH)</term><term>Études cas-témoins (MeSH)</term></keywords><keywords scheme="MESH" type="chemical" qualifier="therapeutic use" xml:lang="en"><term>Influenza Vaccines</term></keywords><keywords scheme="MESH" qualifier="epidemiology" xml:lang="en"><term>Spain</term></keywords><keywords scheme="MESH" qualifier="prevention & control" xml:lang="en"><term>Influenza, Human</term></keywords><keywords scheme="MESH" qualifier="prévention et contrôle" xml:lang="fr"><term>Grippe humaine</term></keywords><keywords scheme="MESH" qualifier="statistics & numerical data" xml:lang="en"><term>Vaccination</term></keywords><keywords scheme="MESH" qualifier="statistiques et données numériques" xml:lang="fr"><term>Vaccination</term></keywords><keywords scheme="MESH" qualifier="usage thérapeutique" xml:lang="fr"><term>Vaccins antigrippaux</term></keywords><keywords scheme="MESH" qualifier="épidémiologie" xml:lang="fr"><term>Espagne</term></keywords><keywords scheme="MESH" xml:lang="en"><term>Adolescent</term><term>Adult</term><term>Aged</term><term>Antigenic Variation</term><term>Case-Control Studies</term><term>Child</term><term>Child, Preschool</term><term>Female</term><term>Humans</term><term>Infant</term><term>Infant, Newborn</term><term>Influenza A Virus, H3N2 Subtype</term><term>Influenza B virus</term><term>Logistic Models</term><term>Male</term><term>Middle Aged</term><term>Sentinel Surveillance</term><term>Young Adult</term></keywords><keywords scheme="MESH" xml:lang="fr"><term>Adolescent</term><term>Adulte</term><term>Adulte d'âge moyen</term><term>Enfant</term><term>Enfant d'âge préscolaire</term><term>Femelle</term><term>Humains</term><term>Jeune adulte</term><term>Modèles logistiques</term><term>Mâle</term><term>Nourrisson</term><term>Nouveau-né</term><term>Sous-type H3N2 du virus de la grippe A</term><term>Sujet âgé</term><term>Surveillance sentinelle</term><term>Variation des antigènes</term><term>Virus influenza B</term><term>Études cas-témoins</term></keywords></textClass></profileDesc></teiHeader><front><div type="abstract" xml:lang="en"><p><b>INTRODUCTION</b></p><p>The 2014/15 influenza season in Spain was dominated by the circulation of drifted A(H3N2) and co-circulation of B viruses. We present the final estimates of influenza vaccine effectiveness (IVE) against confirmed influenza A(H3N2) and B its evolution along the season and with time since vaccination.</p></div><div type="abstract" xml:lang="en"><p><b>METHODS</b></p><p>We used data collected on influenza like illness patients (ILI), systematically swabbed for the presence of influenza viruses within the Spanish Influenza Sentinel Surveillance System (SISS) and a restricted observational study (cycEVA). We used a test negative case-control design to compare influenza confirmed cases with negative controls. We estimated the IVE through a logistic regression model adjusting for potential confounders. The evolution of IVE was studied in early and late stages of the epidemic, and in different time intervals between receiving influenza vaccination and the onset of symptoms.</p></div><div type="abstract" xml:lang="en"><p><b>RESULTS</b></p><p>At the end of the season we have found low and moderate IVE point estimates against influenza A(H3N2) and B, respectively, in all ages and target groups for vaccination. An IVE decreased from an early value of 37% to a late of -76% against influenza A(H3N2), and similarly, 84% vs -4% against Influenza B. When the onset of symptoms occurred more than three months after vaccination, the decrease of IVE was slower and milder against influenza B than against influenza A(H3N2). No significant change in the percentage of circulating drifted influenza A(H3N2) strains belonging to the 3c.2a and 3c.3a clades could be identified through the season.</p></div><div type="abstract" xml:lang="en"><p><b>CONCLUSIONS</b></p><p>In a season dominated by drifted A(H3N2) circulating virus, the vaccine offered little or no protection against A(H3N2) infection but had a moderate protective effect against influenza B. Efforts should be put in developing influenza vaccines that maintain their protective capabilities throughout the season and could stimulate a potentially broad immune response against diverse influenza strains.</p></div></front></TEI><pubmed><MedlineCitation Status="MEDLINE" Owner="NLM"><PMID Version="1">27020713</PMID><DateCompleted><Year>2016</Year><Month>10</Month><Day>17</Day></DateCompleted><DateRevised><Year>2016</Year><Month>12</Month><Day>30</Day></DateRevised><Article PubModel="Print-Electronic"><Journal><ISSN IssnType="Electronic">1873-2518</ISSN><JournalIssue CitedMedium="Internet"><Volume>34</Volume><Issue>20</Issue><PubDate><Year>2016</Year><Month>Apr</Month><Day>29</Day></PubDate></JournalIssue><Title>Vaccine</Title><ISOAbbreviation>Vaccine</ISOAbbreviation></Journal><ArticleTitle>Waning protection of influenza vaccine against mild laboratory confirmed influenza A(H3N2) and B in Spain, season 2014-15.</ArticleTitle><Pagination><MedlinePgn>2371-7</MedlinePgn></Pagination><ELocationID EIdType="doi" ValidYN="Y">10.1016/j.vaccine.2016.03.035</ELocationID><ELocationID EIdType="pii" ValidYN="Y">S0264-410X(16)30008-1</ELocationID><Abstract><AbstractText Label="INTRODUCTION" NlmCategory="BACKGROUND">The 2014/15 influenza season in Spain was dominated by the circulation of drifted A(H3N2) and co-circulation of B viruses. We present the final estimates of influenza vaccine effectiveness (IVE) against confirmed influenza A(H3N2) and B its evolution along the season and with time since vaccination.</AbstractText><AbstractText Label="METHODS" NlmCategory="METHODS">We used data collected on influenza like illness patients (ILI), systematically swabbed for the presence of influenza viruses within the Spanish Influenza Sentinel Surveillance System (SISS) and a restricted observational study (cycEVA). We used a test negative case-control design to compare influenza confirmed cases with negative controls. We estimated the IVE through a logistic regression model adjusting for potential confounders. The evolution of IVE was studied in early and late stages of the epidemic, and in different time intervals between receiving influenza vaccination and the onset of symptoms.</AbstractText><AbstractText Label="RESULTS" NlmCategory="RESULTS">At the end of the season we have found low and moderate IVE point estimates against influenza A(H3N2) and B, respectively, in all ages and target groups for vaccination. An IVE decreased from an early value of 37% to a late of -76% against influenza A(H3N2), and similarly, 84% vs -4% against Influenza B. When the onset of symptoms occurred more than three months after vaccination, the decrease of IVE was slower and milder against influenza B than against influenza A(H3N2). No significant change in the percentage of circulating drifted influenza A(H3N2) strains belonging to the 3c.2a and 3c.3a clades could be identified through the season.</AbstractText><AbstractText Label="CONCLUSIONS" NlmCategory="CONCLUSIONS">In a season dominated by drifted A(H3N2) circulating virus, the vaccine offered little or no protection against A(H3N2) infection but had a moderate protective effect against influenza B. Efforts should be put in developing influenza vaccines that maintain their protective capabilities throughout the season and could stimulate a potentially broad immune response against diverse influenza strains.</AbstractText><CopyrightInformation>Copyright © 2016 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.</CopyrightInformation></Abstract><AuthorList CompleteYN="Y"><Author ValidYN="Y"><LastName>Gherasim</LastName><ForeName>Alin</ForeName><Initials>A</Initials><AffiliationInfo><Affiliation>National Centre of Epidemiology, Institute of Health Carlos III, Spain. Electronic address: amgherasim@externos.isciii.es.</Affiliation></AffiliationInfo></Author><Author ValidYN="Y"><LastName>Pozo</LastName><ForeName>Francisco</ForeName><Initials>F</Initials><AffiliationInfo><Affiliation>National Centre for Microbiology, National Influenza Reference Laboratory, WHO-National Influenza Centre, Institute of Health Carlos III, Spain. Electronic address: pacopozo@isciii.es.</Affiliation></AffiliationInfo></Author><Author ValidYN="Y"><LastName>de Mateo</LastName><ForeName>Salvador</ForeName><Initials>S</Initials><AffiliationInfo><Affiliation>National Centre of Epidemiology, Institute of Health Carlos III, Spain; CIBER Epidemiología y Salud Pública (CIBERESP), Institute of Health Carlos III, Spain. Electronic address: smateo@isciii.es.</Affiliation></AffiliationInfo></Author><Author ValidYN="Y"><LastName>Gamarra</LastName><ForeName>Inma Aspiritxaga</ForeName><Initials>IA</Initials><AffiliationInfo><Affiliation>Subdirección de Salud Pública y Adicciones de Bizkaia, Pais Vasco, Spain. Electronic address: enfer4bi-san@euskadi.eus.</Affiliation></AffiliationInfo></Author><Author ValidYN="Y"><LastName>García-Cenoz</LastName><ForeName>Manuel</ForeName><Initials>M</Initials><AffiliationInfo><Affiliation>CIBER Epidemiología y Salud Pública (CIBERESP), Institute of Health Carlos III, Spain; Instituto de Salud Pública, Navarra Institute for Health Research (IdiSNA), Pamplona, Spain. Electronic address: mgcenoz@cfnavarra.es.</Affiliation></AffiliationInfo></Author><Author ValidYN="Y"><LastName>Vega</LastName><ForeName>Tomas</ForeName><Initials>T</Initials><AffiliationInfo><Affiliation>Dirección General de Salud Pública, Consejería de Sanidad de Castilla y León, Valladolid, Spain. Electronic address: VegAloTo@jcyl.es.</Affiliation></AffiliationInfo></Author><Author ValidYN="Y"><LastName>Martínez</LastName><ForeName>Eva</ForeName><Initials>E</Initials><AffiliationInfo><Affiliation>Servicio de Epidemiología y Prevención Sanitaria, Dirección General de Salud Pública y Consumo de La Rioja, La Rioja, Spain. Electronic address: emochoa@larioja.org.</Affiliation></AffiliationInfo></Author><Author ValidYN="Y"><LastName>Giménez</LastName><ForeName>Jaume</ForeName><Initials>J</Initials><AffiliationInfo><Affiliation>Servicio de Epidemiología, Dirección General de Salut Pública, Mallorca, Baleares, Spain. Electronic address: jgimenez@dgsanita.caib.es.</Affiliation></AffiliationInfo></Author><Author ValidYN="Y"><LastName>Castrillejo</LastName><ForeName>Daniel</ForeName><Initials>D</Initials><AffiliationInfo><Affiliation>Servicio de Epidemiología. DGSC, Consejería de Bienestar Social y Sanidad, Ciudad Autónoma de Melilla, Spain. Electronic address: dcastr01@melilla.es.</Affiliation></AffiliationInfo></Author><Author ValidYN="Y"><LastName>Larrauri</LastName><ForeName>Amparo</ForeName><Initials>A</Initials><AffiliationInfo><Affiliation>National Centre of Epidemiology, Institute of Health Carlos III, Spain; CIBER Epidemiología y Salud Pública (CIBERESP), Institute of Health Carlos III, Spain. Electronic address: alarrauri@isciii.es.</Affiliation></AffiliationInfo></Author><Author ValidYN="Y"><CollectiveName>cycEVA team and the VEVA Working Group</CollectiveName></Author></AuthorList><Language>eng</Language><PublicationTypeList><PublicationType UI="D016428">Journal Article</PublicationType><PublicationType UI="D013485">Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't</PublicationType></PublicationTypeList><ArticleDate DateType="Electronic"><Year>2016</Year><Month>03</Month><Day>25</Day></ArticleDate></Article><MedlineJournalInfo><Country>Netherlands</Country><MedlineTA>Vaccine</MedlineTA><NlmUniqueID>8406899</NlmUniqueID><ISSNLinking>0264-410X</ISSNLinking></MedlineJournalInfo><ChemicalList><Chemical><RegistryNumber>0</RegistryNumber><NameOfSubstance UI="D007252">Influenza Vaccines</NameOfSubstance></Chemical></ChemicalList><CitationSubset>IM</CitationSubset><MeshHeadingList><MeshHeading><DescriptorName UI="D000293" MajorTopicYN="N">Adolescent</DescriptorName></MeshHeading><MeshHeading><DescriptorName UI="D000328" MajorTopicYN="N">Adult</DescriptorName></MeshHeading><MeshHeading><DescriptorName UI="D000368" MajorTopicYN="N">Aged</DescriptorName></MeshHeading><MeshHeading><DescriptorName UI="D000940" MajorTopicYN="N">Antigenic Variation</DescriptorName></MeshHeading><MeshHeading><DescriptorName UI="D016022" MajorTopicYN="N">Case-Control Studies</DescriptorName></MeshHeading><MeshHeading><DescriptorName UI="D002648" MajorTopicYN="N">Child</DescriptorName></MeshHeading><MeshHeading><DescriptorName UI="D002675" MajorTopicYN="N">Child, Preschool</DescriptorName></MeshHeading><MeshHeading><DescriptorName UI="D005260" MajorTopicYN="N">Female</DescriptorName></MeshHeading><MeshHeading><DescriptorName UI="D006801" MajorTopicYN="N">Humans</DescriptorName></MeshHeading><MeshHeading><DescriptorName UI="D007223" MajorTopicYN="N">Infant</DescriptorName></MeshHeading><MeshHeading><DescriptorName UI="D007231" MajorTopicYN="N">Infant, Newborn</DescriptorName></MeshHeading><MeshHeading><DescriptorName UI="D053122" MajorTopicYN="N">Influenza A Virus, H3N2 Subtype</DescriptorName></MeshHeading><MeshHeading><DescriptorName UI="D009981" MajorTopicYN="N">Influenza B virus</DescriptorName></MeshHeading><MeshHeading><DescriptorName UI="D007252" MajorTopicYN="N">Influenza Vaccines</DescriptorName><QualifierName UI="Q000627" MajorTopicYN="Y">therapeutic use</QualifierName></MeshHeading><MeshHeading><DescriptorName UI="D007251" MajorTopicYN="N">Influenza, Human</DescriptorName><QualifierName UI="Q000517" MajorTopicYN="Y">prevention & control</QualifierName></MeshHeading><MeshHeading><DescriptorName UI="D016015" MajorTopicYN="N">Logistic Models</DescriptorName></MeshHeading><MeshHeading><DescriptorName UI="D008297" MajorTopicYN="N">Male</DescriptorName></MeshHeading><MeshHeading><DescriptorName UI="D008875" MajorTopicYN="N">Middle Aged</DescriptorName></MeshHeading><MeshHeading><DescriptorName UI="D018571" MajorTopicYN="N">Sentinel Surveillance</DescriptorName></MeshHeading><MeshHeading><DescriptorName UI="D013030" MajorTopicYN="N">Spain</DescriptorName><QualifierName UI="Q000453" MajorTopicYN="N">epidemiology</QualifierName></MeshHeading><MeshHeading><DescriptorName UI="D014611" MajorTopicYN="N">Vaccination</DescriptorName><QualifierName UI="Q000706" MajorTopicYN="Y">statistics & numerical data</QualifierName></MeshHeading><MeshHeading><DescriptorName UI="D055815" MajorTopicYN="N">Young Adult</DescriptorName></MeshHeading></MeshHeadingList><KeywordList Owner="NOTNLM"><Keyword MajorTopicYN="N">Influenza</Keyword><Keyword MajorTopicYN="N">Influenza vaccine</Keyword><Keyword MajorTopicYN="N">Influenza-like illness</Keyword><Keyword MajorTopicYN="N">Test negative case–control design</Keyword><Keyword MajorTopicYN="N">Vaccine effectiveness</Keyword><Keyword MajorTopicYN="N">Waning protection</Keyword></KeywordList></MedlineCitation><PubmedData><History><PubMedPubDate PubStatus="received"><Year>2015</Year><Month>12</Month><Day>18</Day></PubMedPubDate><PubMedPubDate PubStatus="revised"><Year>2016</Year><Month>02</Month><Day>29</Day></PubMedPubDate><PubMedPubDate PubStatus="accepted"><Year>2016</Year><Month>03</Month><Day>14</Day></PubMedPubDate><PubMedPubDate PubStatus="entrez"><Year>2016</Year><Month>3</Month><Day>30</Day><Hour>6</Hour><Minute>0</Minute></PubMedPubDate><PubMedPubDate PubStatus="pubmed"><Year>2016</Year><Month>3</Month><Day>30</Day><Hour>6</Hour><Minute>0</Minute></PubMedPubDate><PubMedPubDate PubStatus="medline"><Year>2016</Year><Month>10</Month><Day>19</Day><Hour>6</Hour><Minute>0</Minute></PubMedPubDate></History><PublicationStatus>ppublish</PublicationStatus><ArticleIdList><ArticleId IdType="pubmed">27020713</ArticleId><ArticleId IdType="pii">S0264-410X(16)30008-1</ArticleId><ArticleId IdType="doi">10.1016/j.vaccine.2016.03.035</ArticleId></ArticleIdList></PubmedData></pubmed><affiliations><list><country><li>Espagne</li></country></list><tree><country name="Espagne"><noRegion><name sortKey="Gherasim, Alin" sort="Gherasim, Alin" uniqKey="Gherasim A" first="Alin" last="Gherasim">Alin Gherasim</name></noRegion><name sortKey="Castrillejo, Daniel" sort="Castrillejo, Daniel" uniqKey="Castrillejo D" first="Daniel" last="Castrillejo">Daniel Castrillejo</name><name sortKey="De Mateo, Salvador" sort="De Mateo, Salvador" uniqKey="De Mateo S" first="Salvador" last="De Mateo">Salvador De Mateo</name><name sortKey="Gamarra, Inma Aspiritxaga" sort="Gamarra, Inma Aspiritxaga" uniqKey="Gamarra I" first="Inma Aspiritxaga" last="Gamarra">Inma Aspiritxaga Gamarra</name><name sortKey="Garcia Cenoz, Manuel" sort="Garcia Cenoz, Manuel" uniqKey="Garcia Cenoz M" first="Manuel" last="García-Cenoz">Manuel García-Cenoz</name><name sortKey="Gimenez, Jaume" sort="Gimenez, Jaume" uniqKey="Gimenez J" first="Jaume" last="Giménez">Jaume Giménez</name><name sortKey="Larrauri, Amparo" sort="Larrauri, Amparo" uniqKey="Larrauri A" first="Amparo" last="Larrauri">Amparo Larrauri</name><name sortKey="Martinez, Eva" sort="Martinez, Eva" uniqKey="Martinez E" first="Eva" last="Martínez">Eva Martínez</name><name sortKey="Pozo, Francisco" sort="Pozo, Francisco" uniqKey="Pozo F" first="Francisco" last="Pozo">Francisco Pozo</name><name sortKey="Vega, Tomas" sort="Vega, Tomas" uniqKey="Vega T" first="Tomas" last="Vega">Tomas Vega</name></country></tree></affiliations></record>Pour manipuler ce document sous Unix (Dilib)
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